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Decommissioning in Italy
(The Decommissioning and Dismantling of
Nuclear Facilities in OECD/NEA Member Countries - Italian National
fact sheet by ANPA)
1 -
Present Status of the Italian nuclear installations
2 -
Legal and Regulatory Framework
3 -
The initial strategy
4 -
Government strategy change and the role of SOGIN
5 -
Current programs and main issues
6 -
The management of radioactive wastes and spent
fuel
7 -
The National repository
8 -
Funding
7. The National repository
Most of the wastes, including spent
fuel, are at present stored in the sites where they have been
generated, in facilities that were not designed for long term storage.
In this connection all parties involved in nuclear activities, and
lastly the Government special Commissioner, have strongly emphasised
the urgency of a national site for disposal of low and intermediate
level waste and at least of a centralised interim storage facility for
spent fuel and high level wastes. Moreover, this availability is of
paramount importance to make the implementation of the "prompt
decommissioning" strategy possible.
Studies have been carried out since the
70’s. More recently we mention:
- the ENEA “Site” Task Force
(1999-2000) preparing a list of potentially qualified sites, and
- the Parliament/Region Commission
preparing a document with a possible path to identify a site and
reach the necessary consensus
The problem was raised again with the
appointment of the Commissioner delegated to put in existence any
initiative for the definition of suitable solutions to allow a
centralised management of the radioactive wastes.
A Working Group was established in April 2003 by the Commissioner with
the mandate to identify the criteria for the siting and the
realisation of a final depository for low and medium activity wastes,
taking in consideration both the hypotheses of a surface and a
subsurface depository, and on the basis of the following operative
criteria:
- retrievability of the wastes,
- long term safety,
- institutional control period no less
than 300 years,
- data records to keep memory of the
deposit also after the institutional control,
- Dose limit to the population no
higher than 0,01/mSv/year.
A document with the selection criteria
for the site has been prepared by the Group, and presented to the
Conference of the Regions, without being discussed.
The Government assigned to the Chairman of SOGIN the identification of
a single site for 2nd and 3rd categories wastes.
After a technical evaluation, a site in the south of Italy (Scanzano)
has been selected, and included in the Law Decree 14/11/2003 n. 314.
Owing the strong opposition by the local population and authorities,
the Decree has been modified by the Law 24/12/2003 n. 368: a new
commitment has been given to a Commission (to be formed) to provide in
12 months a new selected site.
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